Keywords
convents
daughters
illegitimacy
stepfamilies
stepmothers
How to Cite
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to analyze the placement of illegitimate and legitimate daughters in convents in Bilbao during the early modern period from the families of men with more than one marital or extramarital partner. More specifically, the article examines the links between fathers, stepmothers, illegitimate and legitimate daughters, as well as their younger siblings and the placement of these daughters in convents. To this end, many documents from several archives have been used and they that have brought to light multiple cases of stepfamily connections within and outside the convent walls.
References
ACSCrB, LP – Archivo del Convento de Santa Cruz de Bilbao (ACSCrB), Libros de profesiones (LP).
AHEB, LB – Archivo Histórico Eclesiástico de Bizkaia (AHEB), Libros de bautismos (LB).
AHEB, LM – AHEB, Libros matrimoniales (LM).
AHEB, LD – AHEB, Libros defunciones (LD).
AHFB, FCon – Archivo Histórico Foral de Bizkaia (AHFB), Fondo de Consulado (FCon).
AHFB, FCor – AHFB, Fondo del Corregimiento (FCor).
AHPB, FN, DB – Archivo Histórico Provincial de Bizkaia (AHPB), Fondo Notarial (FN), Distrito Bilbao (DB).
Álvarez Urcelay, Milagros (1999): Mujeres y criminalidad en Guipúzcoa en el Antiguo Régimen: el caso de Bergara. In: González, César, Bazán, Iñaki & Iñaki Reguera (eds.): Marginación y exclusión social en el País Vasco. Bilbao, Servicio Editorial de la Universidad del País Vasco, 233–250.
ARChV, SV – Archivo de la Real Chancillería de Valladolid (ARChV), Sala de Vizcaya (SV).
Artola Renedo, Andoni (2013): Contextos globales y hegemonía local (Bilbao, siglo XVIII). Revista Bidebarrieta, 24, 7–19.
Atienza López, Ángela (2003): La expansión del clero regular en Aragón durante la Edad Moderna. El proceso fundacional. Revista de historia moderna Anales de la Universidad de Alicante, 21, 57–76.
Atienza López, Ángela (2008): Tiempos de Conventos. Una historia social de las fundaciones en la España moderna. Madrid, Marcial Pons.
Atienza López, Ángela (2010): Nobleza, poder señorial y conventos en la España moderna. La dimensión política de las fundaciones nobiliarias. In: Saraza, Esteban & Eliseo Serrano (eds.): Estudios sobre señorío y feudalismo: homenaje a Julio Valdeón. Zaragoza, Institución Fernando el Católico, 235–269.
Ayer, Joseph Cullen (1902): Legitimacy and Marriage. Harvard Law Review, 16, 1, 22–42.
Bazán Díaz, Iñaki (1995): Delincuencia y criminalidad en el País Vasco en la transición de la Edad Media a la Moderna. Vitoria-Gasteiz, Gobierno Vasco.
Bazán Díaz, Iñaki, Vázquez García, Francisco & Andrés Moreno Mengíbar (2003): Prostitución y control social en el País Vasco, siglos XIII–XVII. Revista Sancho el Sabio Revista de cultura e investigación vasca, 18, 51–88.
Boda de hidalgos – https://museoecologiahumana.org/obras/noble-wedding-inbegona/ (last access: 2023-07-22).
Coolidge, Grace E. (2005): Neither Dumb, Deaf, nor Destitute of Understanding. Women as Guardians in Early Modern Spain. The Sixteenth Century Journal, 36, 3, 673–693.
Coolidge, Grace E. (2011): Guardianship, Gender, and the Nobility in Early Modern Spain. New York, Routledge.
Coolidge, Grace E. (2022): Sex, Gender, and Illegitimacy in the Castilian Noble Family, 1400–1600. Lincoln, University of Nebraska Press.
Coolidge, Grace E. & Lyndan Warner (2018): Evolving Families. Realities and Images of Stepfamilies, Remarriage, and Half-siblings in Early Modern Spain. In: Wiesner-Hanks, Merry E. (ed.): Gendered Temporalities in the Early Modern World. Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Press, 235–260.
Erdélyi, Gabriella (2019): Differences between Western and Eastern Central European Patterns of Remarriage and Their Consequences for Children Living in Stepfamilies. Hungarian Historical Review, 8, 4, 657–668.
Evangelisti, Silvia (2007): Nuns. History of Convent Life, 1450–1700. Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Fairchilds, Cissie (2007): Women in Early Modern Europe, 1500–1700. Harlow, Pearson Education.
Fauve-Chamoux, Antoinette (2002): El matrimonio, la viudedaz y el divorcio. In: Barbagli, Marzio & David I. Kertzer (eds.): Historia de la familia europea 1. Madrid, Paidós Ibérica, 331–376.
Fauve-Chamoux, Antoinette (2010): Revisiting the Decline in Remarriage in Early Modern Europe: The Case of Rheims in France. History of the Family, 15, 283–297.
Ferraro, Joanne M. (2012): Childhood in Medieval and Early Modern Ages. In: Fass, Paula S. (ed.): The Routledge History of Childhood in the Western World. London – New York, Routledge, 61–77.
Foster, Elizabeth (2014): Marrying the Experienced Widow in Early Modern England: The Male Perspective. In: Cavallo, Sandra & Lyndan Warner (eds.): Widowhood in Medieval and Early Modern Europe (Women and Men in History). New York, Routledge, 108–124.
Harline, Craig (1995): Actives and Contemplatives. The Female Religious of the Low Countries Before and After Trent. The Catholic Historical Review, 81, 4, 541–567.
Howell, Martha C. (1998): The Marital Exchange: Property, Social Place, and Gender in Cities of the Low Countries, 1300–1500. Chicago, University of Chicago Press.
Hunt, Margaret R. (2014): Women in the Eighteenth Century Europe. New York, Routledge.
Intxaustegi Jauregi, Nere Jone (2014): Celebraciones en torno a la clausura de los conventos bilbaínos. Revista Bidebarrieta, 25, 48–56.
Intxaustegi Jauregi, Nere Jone (2017a): Beatas, beaterios and convents: the origin of the Basque female conventual life. Imago Temporis. Medium Aevum, 11, 329–341.
Intxaustegi Jauregi, Nere Jone (2017b): Redescubriendo Bilbao: los espacios de la memoria religiosa. Bidebarrieta: Revista de humanidades y ciencias sociales de Bilbao, 27, 37–54.
Intxaustegi Jauregi, Nere Jone (2019): Francisco de Mendieta y Retes. In: Jimeno Aranguren, Roldán (ed.): Notitia Vasconiae. Diccionario de historiadores, juristas y pensadores políticos de Vasconia. Madrid, Fundación para el Estudio del Derecho histórico y Autonómico de Vasconia, 419–421.
Kambič, Marko (2021): Care for Minors in Medieval Town Statutes at the Juncture of the Holy Roman Empire and the Republic of Venice, with a Note on the Reception of Roman Law. Acta Histriae, 29, 3, 611–636.
Korpiola, Mia & Anu Lahtinen (2015): Cultures of Death and Dying in Medieval and Early Modern Europe: An Introduction. Helsinki, Collegium for Advance Studies.
Lara Ródenas, Manuel José de (1997): Ilegitimidad y familia durante el Antiguo Régimen: actitudes sociales y domésticas. In: Rodríguez Sánchez, Ángel & Antonio Peñafiel Ramón (eds.): Familia y mentalidades. Congreso Internacional Historia de la Familia: nuevas perspectivas sobre la sociedad europea. Murcia, Universidad de Murcia, 113–129.
Lawrence, Clifford Hugh (2015): Medieval Monasticism. Forms of Religious Life in Western Europe in the Middle Ages. London, Routledge.
Lehfeldt, Elizabeth A. (2005): Religious Women in Golden Age Spain: The Permeable Cloister. New York, Routledge.
Lopes, Ana Mafalda (2022): The Invisibility of Portuguese Stepfamilies: The Relationships between Stepparents, Stepchildren and Half-siblings in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Porto. The History of the Family, 27, 3, 521–545.
Makowski, Elizabeth (1999): Canon Law and Cloistered Women. Periculoso and Its Commentators, 1298–1545. Washington, The Catholic University of America Press.
Matos, Paulo Teodoro de & Diego Paiva (2022): Remarriage and Stepfamilies in the ‘Western Islands’ of Europe: The Rural Azores of Portugal in the 18th and 19th centuries. The History of the Family, 27, 3, 493–520.
Moran, Megan (2022): Stepmothers and Stepdaughters in Early Modern Florence. The History of the Family, 27, 3, 575–595.
Morant Deusa, Isabel (2011): El hombre y la mujer en el discurso del matrimonio. In: Chacón Jiménez, Francisco & Joan Bestard Comas (eds.): Familias: historia de la Sociedad Española (del final de la Edad Media a nuestros días). Madrid, Cátedra, 445–484.
Nausia Pimoulier, Amaia (2006): Las viudas y las segundas nupcias en la Europa moderna: últimas aportaciones. Memoria y Civilización, 9, 233–260.
Óri, Péter (2022): Parental Loss in 18th–19th century Hungary: The Impact of the Parents’ Widowhood and Remarriage on their Children’s Survival, Zsámbék, 1720–1850. The History of the Family, 27, 3, 453–479.
Pedani, Maria Pia (2008): Ottoman Merchants in the Adriatic. Trade and Smuggling. Acta Histriae, 16, 1/2, 155–172.
Poska, Allyson M. (2006): Women and Authority in Early Modern Spain. The Peasant of Galicia. Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Rapley, Elizabeth (2009): A Social History of the Cloister. Daily Life in the Teaching Monasteries of the Old Regime. Montreal, McGill-Queen’s University Press.
Richards, Penny & Jessica Munns (2017): Gender, Power and Privilege in Early Modern Europe. New York, Routledge.
Roest, Bert (2013): Order and Disorder. The Poor Clares between Foundation and Reform. Leiden, Brill.
Roger, Alexandra (2013): Contester l’autorité parentale: les vocations religieuses forcées au XVIIIe siècle en France. Annales des Démographie Historique, 125, 43–67.
Rosina, Elisabetta (2012): Non-Destructive Investigations: A Case Study of a Convent in Lombardy (Italy). Annales, Series Historia et Sociologia, 22, 2, 539–554.
Sánchez, Magdalena S. (2015): Where Palace and Convent Met: The Descalzas Reales in Madrid. Sixteenth Century Journal, 46, 1, 53–82.
Sánchez Hernández, María Leticia (1998): Las variedades de la experiencia religiosa en las monjas de los siglos XVI y XVII. Arenal. Revista de historia de las mujeres, 5, 1, 69–105.
Schutte, Anne Jacobson (2011): By Force and Fear: Taking and Breaking Monastic Vows in Early Modern Europe. New York, Cornell University Press.
Simons, Walter (2001): Cities of Ladies. Beguine Communities in the Medieval Low Countries, 1200–1565. Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press.
Van Engen, John (2008): Sisters and Brothers of the Common Life. The Devotio Moderna and the World of the Later Middle Ages. Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press.
Warner, Lyndan (2014): Widows, Widowers and the Problem of Second Marriages in Sixteenth-century France. In: Cavallo, Sandra & Lyndan Warner (eds.): Widowhood in Medieval and Early Modern Europe (Women and Men in History). New York, Routledge, 84–107.
Warner, Lyndan (2016): Stepfamilies in Early Modern Europe: Paths of Historical Inquiry. History Compass, 14, 10, 480–492.
Warner, Lyndan (2018): Stepfamilies in Europe, 1400–1800. New York, Routledge.
Wiesner, Merry E. (2000): Women and Gender in Early Modern Europe. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Winston-Allen, Anne (2004): Convent Chronicles. Women Writing about Women and Reform in the Late Middle Ages. Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press.
Wyhe, Cordula van (2008): Female Monasticism in Early Modern Europe: An Interdisciplinary View. New York, Routledge.
Zabala Montoya, Mikel (2002): El grupo dominante de Bilbao entre los siglos XVI y XVII: bases de poder y estrategias de reproducción a la luz del Capitulado de Concordia. Brocar Cuadernos de investigación histórica, 26, 53–80.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.